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Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) is a minimally invasive treatment intended to arrest the progression of carious lesions. The procedure involves removal of decayed tissue using hand instruments alone, often without the use of local anesthesia and electrical equipment followed by placement of a glass ionomer or other cements. The treatment modality was initially developed to preserve teeth affected with caries, primarily aimed at communities having little or no electricity, piped water and oral healthcare Background and with limited financial resources. Developed countries began to use the same approach in cases of severe early childhood caries, in order to control the progression of caries through the fluoride-releasing property of the glass ionomers cements renaming the technique as Interim Therapeutic Restoration (ITR). Several systematic studies have demonstrated that ART or ITR, using high-viscosity glass ionomer cement, provides successful one-surface restorations in primary and permanent molars.
